Adventures of Tom Sawyer Book Rep. essays

Adventures of Tom Sawyer Book Rep. essays Mark Twains, The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer, is a story told from the eyes of the young Tom Sawyer. The story takes place in the small rustic town of St. Petersburg Missouri. Tom Sawyer is the main character of the book. Tom is an imaginative young man who always seems to be getting into trouble. Tom is very adventurous, he never passes up a chance to play pirates, robbers, or soldiers. This book has multiple themes but the most important is knowing when its right to talk and tell the truth and when its better to be quiet or lie. At the beginning of the story Tom is introduced by climbing in his window after a long night of cavorting with his friends. Soon after the start of the story Tom meets Huckleberry Fin. Huck is a local outcast of society who likes to live by his own terms. Tom and Huck become good friends. One night the two boys go to the grave yard. While they are there they witness the murder of the town doctor, Mr. Robinson. The boys watched as Injun! Joe kills the doctor and frames a drunk by the name of Muff Potter who just happens to be at the wrong place at the wrong time. The boys swear never to speak of this again. Soon after this Tom falls in love with his new neighbor, Becky Thatcher. Eventually the two become engaged but the engagement falls through when Tom accidentally mentions his former love while talking with Becky. The two fued and do not speak. Meanwhile, the whole town is gossiping of the murder of Dr. Robinson and the prosecution of Muff Potter. A trail quickly forms and Muff is put on the stand. Tom knows he can not let the innocent Muff go to jail so as the trial comes to a close Tom testifies, proving Injun Joe guilty. This is the climax of the story. After the trial ends, the man hunt for Injun Joe begins. Tom is treated like a hero, but feels bad knowing that he broke Hucks oath. Becky and Tom soon become friends again after Tom takes Beckys punishment at school for being careless wi...

25 Quotes About Laughing and Laughter

25 Quotes About Laughing and Laughter Writer Madeleine L’Engle once quipped: A good laugh heals a lot of hurts. Indeed, CPF, the official journal of the College of Family Physicians of Canada, stated that laughter and humor have great medical benefits. And prescribing laughter is free, the medical organization notes. It makes sense, then, to find ways to include laughter in your daily life.  People who laugh more live longer and happier than worrywarts. These quotes from famous people, great thinkers, and even a few comedians will show you that laughter is no laughing matter. Lighten your life with a chuckle every day. Audrey Hepburn I love people who make me laugh. I honestly think its the thing I like most, to laugh. It cures a multitude of ills. Its probably the most important thing in a person. Henry Ward Beecher Beware of him who hates the laugh of a child. Will Rogers An onion can make people cry but theres never been a vegetable that can make people laugh. Woody Allen If you want to make God laugh, tell him about your plans. Mary H. Waldrip A laugh is a smile that bursts. Arthur Marshall Laugh it off, laugh it off; its all part of lifes rich pageant. Thomas Szasz When a person can no longer laugh at himself, it is time for others to laugh at him. Jonathan Davis You laugh at me because Im different, I laugh at you because youre all the same. Abraham Lincoln With the fearful strain that is on me night and day, if I did not laugh I should die. Charlie Chaplin To truly laugh, you must be able to take your pain, and play with it! Kurt Vonnegut Laughter and tears are both responses to frustration and exhaustion. I myself prefer to laugh since there is less cleaning up to do afterward. Maya Angelou Perhaps travel cannot prevent bigotry, but by demonstrating that all peoples cry, laugh, eat, worry, and die, it can introduce the idea that if we try and understand each other, we may even become friends. Max Eastman Dogs laugh, but they laugh with their tails. Max Frisch When you say a friend has a sense of humor do you mean that he makes you laugh, or that he can make you laugh? Jane Austen For what do we live, but to make sport for our neighbors and laugh at them in our turn? David Herbert Lawrence One could laugh at the world better if it didnt mix tender kindliness with its brutality. Richard Pryor Theres a thin line between to laugh with and to laugh at. Anthony Burgess Laugh and the world  laughs with you, snore and you sleep alone. Eminem Anybody with a sense of humor is going to put on my album and laugh from beginning to end. Bryant H. McGill Why do we laugh at such terrible things? Because comedy is often the sarcastic realization of inescapable tragedy. Jay Leno You cannot be mad at somebody who makes you laugh - its as simple as that. Mahatma Gandhi First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win. Voltaire God is a comedian, playing to an audience too afraid to laugh. Jerry Seinfeld The Four Levels of Comedy: Make your friends laugh, make strangers laugh, get paid to make strangers laugh, and make people talk like you because its so much fun.

The Housing Market Bubble Burst Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Housing Market Bubble Burst - Research Paper Example The research paper "The Housing Market Bubble Burst" discusses why the housing market bubble burst in 2006 by analyzing the situation from the demand-supply perspective. The burgeoning demand got fuelled due to the availability of cheap credits from the lending institutions such as banks and others. Initial genuine demand from the needy people gets mixed up with the demand from the speculators who take the advantage of available cheap credits start inflating the demand. Demand surpassing supply, prices begin to jump. This is further fueled by the burgeoning economy and good GDP numbers quarter to quarter misguiding masses and almost everybody that this is a genuine demand. The unfortunate part is that in a free economy such as the US, the government cannot intervene directly. Gradually, market reaches to a saturation level where there is no further demand. Meanwhile, supply also keeps pace with the demand. The phenomenon continues for a long time. Underlying weaknesses are not notice d immediately. As in the case of U.S housing scenario, demand between 1993 and 2006 was inflated due to cheap credit that was available coupled with demand from investors aka speculators. It is difficult to estimate but experts say demand from speculators in any rising market is between 60-70 percent. Speculators will hold until they notice the first sign of weakness in the market. All the speculative demand will now take a reversal to book profit. Supply pressure will increase with less and less demand. A downward trend will take many into trappings. A reversal in economy means increased unemployment rate and that will make many people insolvent to pay for their mortgage liabilities. This will eventually lead to foreclosures further increasing the supply manifold. A phenomenon continues until a point where prices are lucrative enough to cause supply matches demand. Prices remain afloat at this level for quite a long time. The point to emphasize here is that artificial demand cannot sustain the housing price for a long and that is what exactly happened. (Thomas, 2006) What Next Given the phenomena of housing bubble burst from the peak of 2006, a question remains to be answered whether housing price has reached to its lowest or there is still a possibility of housing prices going further down to reach its old levels. There are many proponents of the theory that there would be another housing bubble bursting soon or for that matter to say that a downward phenomenon will continue. Ilargi (2011) argues that credit in the US is quickly vanishing. He further states that Treasury and the Federal Reserve are lending our own money. Moreover, the future economic conditions in US will create a severe debt scarcity. The foremost reason given by several analysts is that of the debt saturation that the US economy has almost reached-- a point where total income cannot support total debt. It is also said that new debt cannot increase any GDP. According to them, the U.S househ old debt-income ratio was 136 percent in the first quarter of 2008, which currently is stated to be at 126 percent. Before 2001, it was found to be just 70 percent. In order to reduce debt-income ratio to the reasonable level, current debt needs to be reduced by about $6-trillion. But so far only $600-billion of household debt has been reduced. This proves that American debt has reached to a saturation level and it cannot be increased further. On the other hand, that is being replaced with the in surmountable growth of US government debt. (Ilargi 2011) Housing

Bullying and Cyber Bullying Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Bullying and Cyber Bullying - Research Paper Example It is quite possible that a number of parents remain unaware about the fact that their child is being bullied at school or in the neighborhood; as many children might not complain about being bullied. In other cases, where children do complain about being bullied, their parents, caregivers, or school teachers might not take such complaints seriously. Thus, it is important that parents should take interest in whatever is going on in the school lives of their children, so that if they detect any disturbing signs in them, they can address the issue instantly. Keeping in view the rapidly growing rates of bullying in school, it is imperative for the teachers and the parents not to ignore the complaints of children regarding bullying. â€Å"Use of the three criteria of intention, repetitiveness, and imbalance of power for classification of behaviour as bullying seems now to be well accepted among both researchers and practitioners (e.g. Smith & Brain, 2000)† (Jimerson 11). When children interact with each other, they act and respond according to their individual behaviors. In general, they can either show normal or hyper active, or sensitive, or aggressive behaviors, depending upon the type of situation they find themselves in. Bullying is such type of behavior that has three distinct qualities: intention, repetitiveness and imbalance of power. Bullying is definitely not an unintentional behavior. A bully intentionally hurts the other child by identifying his/her weakness or sensitivity. It is normal for children to fight or quarrel during playtime. Normally, their quarrels are resolved within no time and they start playing again. But in a situation where one child is intentionally hurting the other, then they both might be gradually adopting the roles of a bully and the bullied, respectively. Their quarrels would not settle on their own but would

Global Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Economics - Essay Example The recent fascination appears to have been inspired by their success in dealing with hyperinflation in several countries such as Argentina and Bulgaria. Argentina did in fact abandon its currency board sometimes back in 2002 after it experienced one of it's worst recession. Lithuania and Estonia also turned to currency boards to obtain credibility for their newly established countries. The renewed appetite for fixed exchange rate regime justifies a closer look at ideal conditions for their establishment, with particular interest to the Argentina's experience. A currency board combines three aspects; one, the exchange rate is fixed to an anchor currency. Secondly, there must be automatic convertibility- it should be always possible to exchange local currency at the fixed rate and thirdly, there should be a long term dedication to this system. The fixed exchange regime that that currency board imports is usually appropriate for small economies with fragile central banks. The fixed exchange rate regime will only be effective if there are sufficient foreign exchange reserves to cover the local current issued. A fixed exchange rate system will be of no use if a country is unable to maintain a sustainable exchange rate to the anchor currency. This might cause serious balance of payment problems if the local currency is overvalued. Argentina paid scant respect for these economic principles that precipitated its financial crisis of 2002. The peso was locked at one US dollar since 1991, when then the currency board was established. Because of this overvaluation, Argentina exported too little and imported too much. The manufactured balance of payment problems rendered it difficult for the country to earn the foreign exchange it needed to repay its foreign debts. Usually, currency boards have the capacity to instill confidence in the public and financial markets because of the certainty of payment adjustment mechanism. However, experiences with Argentina and Hong Kong shows that currency board are not immune to speculative tendencies induced by fear of devaluation. Devaluation did actually take place in Argentina in 2002. Though this was meant to help resolve the countries balance of payment problems, it rendered many businessmen who had borrowed in foreign currency bankrupt. It is also essential for the fiscal policy of a country to be disciplined by the establishment of a currency board and this requires political will from the establishment. At least initially, Argentina bureaucrats played by the rules of the game. But they were perhaps emboldened and the discipline was lost in the late 90's when Argentina picked where it had left from and proceeded to ruin its economy by running persistent deficits. Argentina Convertibility Plan: Mission Impossible. The convertibility plan got its name from the currency board arrangement that was at the centre of economic program in Argentina. At first, it experienced a measure of success and was credited with the growth and stability experienced there in the first half on the 1990's. The initial success, which saw the growth rates going up to 9 percent in 1994, momentarily made Carlos Menem, the then President, and Domingo Cavallo, the then minister of finance heroes in Argentina. The latter years were far from rosy. It's hard to put a finger at what really went wrong and some things even surprised seasoned economists, like the fact that

Contrast Media Used in Intravenous Urography

Contrast Media Used in Intravenous Urography Introduction Intravenous urogram is also known as intravenous pyelogram. It is a radiology procedure to view the urine system including kidney, bladder and ureter. Intravenous urogram is roughly examination allows the doctor to see structures like the cortex, renal, calyceal, renal pelvis, pyeloureteric junction, bladder and ureteric drainage. Among the problems that can be examined in this way is a bladder infection, kidney infection, bleeding in the urine, tumor, injury to the urinary tract after a severe external injuries, and several other related diseases. To carry out this examination, special materials required for these structures can be seen in the x-ray images. Special materials that are the contrast media. Contrast agent is injected into a vein in the body and it will be distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream, before it is eliminated by the kidneys. Often the contrast agent is injected through the median cubital vein, and images of some of the kidney resulting contrast image synthesis. There are several types of projections used in the trial of IVU. Projections are as full length KUB, KUB on your belly, cross-dim range reduced the renal kidney and upper ureter, oblique to the kidneys, bladder anteroposterior angle of 15 degrees to prevent bladder covered with pubic symphysis and the bladder oblique. Contrast agents can be viewed directly on the kidney immediately after injection and is known as nephrogram. This shows the contrast agent by glomerular filtered before reaching colyceal system. It is important to examine the renal outline, and can detect tumors, cysts or cortical scarring. He also produces initial information about the sign of kidney. After 5 minutes of an injection is given, calyces will be filled with contrast agents, which will then move down the ureter to fill the bladder. Contraindications Contraindications that should be known by the radiographers before any procedure is as renal colic, renal calculi, abdominal pain, abdominal surgery at the latest, after the patient gave birth, and the replacement of the kidney. This contraindication is important to avoid complications that may occur. Patient preparation before during the examination Patients are not allowed to drink a few hours before urogram examination. Patients are also asked to take a laxative to make sure everything is clean from the dirty material. If the patient is taking any medications such as blood pressure medicines, patients can continue taking these drugs unless prohibited by a doctor. If the patient is pregnant, the patient should be told radiographers working. Intravenous urogram was not performed on patients who are pregnant unless certain emergency cases. Patients will be asked to sign a document. This document is carrying all the risks, benefits and all the compilations that can occur. This allows the patient to understand all the procedures of this inspection. If the patient agrees to assume all risks and understand the procedures established, the patient can sign the documents and procedures will be carried out. Precautions before use of contrast media in intravenous urogram The reaction cannot be expected to contrast media, and all patients should be cared for and tidy during the procedure.  Of interest to examine the patient before performing any procedure should not be taken lightly.  This guide will allow the radiographers to carry out the procedure.  Radiographers should know the signs of the various reactions that occur.  There are many steps that must be taken before, during and after the use of intravenous contrast media.  The first, radiographers must know the patients health history.  Secondly, if the patient is a patient who had a high risk, radiographers must use low-osmolar contrast media. Among patients with high risk of the asthma, epilepsy, diabetes, and others.  Next, batch number and expiry date should be examined in contrast media.  In addition, radiographers must ensure that the contrast agents in body temperature.  Radiographers should also check whether or not the package has disterile.  Prior to this contrast media marginal, they should know the correct procedures, checking emergency equipment and know how to use these tools, and check the appropriate volume of contrast, the dose and the correct procedures. Intravenous urogram procedure Urografi intravenous test was initiated by asking the patient to remove clothing and wear a hospital gown provided.  Patients are also asked to remove all jewelry that was found in patients.  Then the patient will undergo blood tests to check whether the patients kidney function is good or not. After that, the patient will be laid on stretchers or x-ray table.  Then, the radiographers will take an x-ray images before contrast medium injection.  Injection of contrast media on the patient through an intravenous.  An intravenous cannula (IV) is inserted through a vein in the patients arm or hand.  Then, the contrast medium injected. X-rays are taken at the times specified.  Several sequences of the film will be done according to the test.  X-ray frequencies depends on the patients kidneys to menurus contrast media.  Normally, the kidneys would normally filter the contrast medium within 5 to 10 minutes.  Pesalit should remain a rest between each x-ray is taken.  Another imaging technique will be used in conjunction with intravenous urogram called kidney tomogram.  This is the imaging pictures of patient kidney in the slice condition. Nurses will assist the radiographers to check the patients pulse, respiration and blood pressure continuously.  Before the last x-ray is taken, the patient will be asked to empty their bladder.  This is to see patients when the bladder is empty. Intravenous urogram procedures completed when all the tracks clearly show the urine pictures x-ray.  The entire procedure takes about one hour. Procedure during injection During injection, radiographers must know where the Radiologist or a doctor may be contacted.  In addition, radiographers must constantly monitor the respiration rate, blood pressure, color and level of patient awareness. Procedure after the injection Radiographers should remain with the patient not less than 15 minutes.  when the inspection was made, check whether pesalit can return home safely or not.  do not allow patients to return if there are any complications. Film sequence Intravenous urogram test is one test that will need to use a lot of film.  This is because the procedure performed and requires much more structure posisisi patients body to be x-ray.  Preliminary film is the first film to be taken to the test.  Preliminary film using a film of size 14 x 17 inches (43 x 35 cm).  The film will be placed under the patient.  the patient would lie with the projection AP abdomen to include the symphysis pubis and diafgram border.  This is to check the patients abdomen was doing inventory and to disclose any case of calcifications of the renal tract.  X-ray beam was centered in the middle of the level of iliac crest.  Additional X-ray taken to determine any akkan opacities present in the patients body.  35 degrees posterior to the renal area.  Preliminary objective was to examine the patients colon and bowel preparation to see patients.  It also seeks to identify the renal position to determine the exposure factors.  It is also to l ook at problems in kidney patients. Then radiographers will take x-ray film, called immediate.  The film will be taken immediately after injection of contrast media.  Film size 10 x 17 inches (24 x 30 cm) was used to film this immediate.  X-ray beam centered between the lower costal margin and xiphisternum.  Patients will be in a state of AP in the area to see renal patients kidneys when contrast is injected.  It aims to show nefrogram, renal parenchyma is opacified by contrast medium in patients with renal tubules.  The aim is to show the film immediate renal parenchyma to show neofrogram phase.  It is also to examine the size of kidney patients will be expanded from the original size after injection of contrast. After 5 minutes of contrast media injected in patients, radiographers will take an x-ray.X-ray called a 5 minute film.  Size of film measuring 14 x 17 inches (35 x 43 cm) used for this film.  Patients in the supine AP and AP projeksinya for renal area.  After 5 minutes of completion of the injection of contrast medium to patients, taking X-rays done full KUB shows the urinary system.  Taking pictures of x-ray taken at this time to determine the patients bowel movement is symmetrical and does not need to modify the technique for assessing needs.  For example, another contrast medium should be injected when the kidney is less opacification.  The purpose of a 5 minute film is to compare the flow of contrast agent by the two sides of kidney patients.  It is also to see the patients pelvis system.  5 minute film is also to examine the excretion of symmetry in both kidneys. After that, the film is taken 15 minutes.  This film is so named because the x-ray is taken after 15 minutes the patient is injected with contrast media.  Film size 10 x 12 inches (24 x 30 cm) used for this film.  Taking x-ray done 15 minutes after injection (10 minutes after the film 5 minutes).  The aim is to see the renal calyx system more clearly, the pressure is on this film series with kolimasi exposure on renal kawaswan.  Use of pressure rings are not needed when the patient shows any indication of renal calculi and in patients after surgery.  This is to avoid injury to the renal patient.  Perform head-down position when the pressure rings are not used. Then, release film taken after the 15-minute film.  Size of film measuring 14 x 17 inches (43 x 35 cm) used for this film.  Taking x-ray done after opening the pressure ring or for patients who do not use the pressure ring, the patient should be changed from the head down position to a reclining position.  The entire urinary system and bladder area should look at this film series. The last film was taken in a test called the film post void / micturate.  Size of film measuring 14 x 17 inches (43 x 35 cm) used for this film.  Taking x-ray performed after the patients bowel to empty the urinary bladder.  The purpose of the film post void / micturate was to assess the patients residual urine after urination.  It is also to see the ability to clear the patients ureter bladder.  It also showed no bladder problems such as tumors and divertikulum. Risk of Intravenous urogram examination Intravenous urogram is always carried out without any risks or problems.  This examination is a safe examination.  However, to ensure that all the conditions are really safe and to avoid any complications, patients should be caring and always sensitive to side effects.  The patient is exposed to radiation.  Rate of radiation received by patients was similar to the radiation received by all the environment for 14 months. If the patient is pregnant, this examination cannot be done.  This is because the fear of radiation can have adverse side effects on the content.  There are also some potential side effects experienced by patients after the inspection but it is very poor.  If there are any side effects, patients may feel hot or itchy and uncomfortable in the mouth after receiving an injection of contrast media.  It only felt by the patient for a few minutes. Patient care Care for patients after intravenous urogram examination is essential.  This is due to revive a patient of any effects after the test.  Radiographers should ensure that patients in stable condition.  Slowly open the needle and clean the place involved.  Give an explanation to the patient for follow-up care after testing is completed.  Ask patients to change their clothes after the completion of the test.  Radiographers should also advise patients to drink sufficient water to remove the contrast media from the patients body. Complication Complications may occur during or after the inspection.  Allergic reaction or allergy to contrast media is a major risk even kidney damage could be one of the complications.  If the patient has allergies to iodine, contrast material, has a problem hives, difficulty breathing, the patient should immediately notify the radiographers.  Detailed information and the patients medical history should be known in order to avoid any complications that may occur. CONTRAST MEDIA Introduction Clinical diagnostic radiology has been developed not only in terms of equipment and techniques used, but the contrast media allows visual structure and internal organs can be seen in more detail.  A dose of contrast media used in x-ray usually contains 2000 times as much iodine content of iodine in the body.  However, iodine contained in the contrast media will be removed in a natural system immediately.  Generally no side effects occur.  Selection of contrast media has always been a problem, but actually it depends on the radiologist itself.  To make rational decisions about the choice of contrast media have a high understanding of the principles of physical and physiological needed. Why contras media is necessary? The level of attenuation of all the patients affected by the atomic number of factors involved.  If there is such a large density difference between the heart muscle and the air in the lungs, the lines of the structure can be seen on radiographs as a natural contrast exists.  Similarly, if there are differences in the number of atoms between two tissues like muscle and bone.  Muscles consist of low atomic number instead of bone consists of calcium and has a high atomic number of lebiih.  Line structure can be seen because of the natural contrast.  But if the two organs that have the density and atomic number is not much difference, it is not possible to distinguish the structure of the organ in the radiograph because the contrast does not exist naturally. So, no way we could see the blood vessels in an organ or internal structure of the kidneys without the use of other substances or change the contrast.  Two important factors can be changed is the density and atomic number of an organ structure.  Number of atomic structure is hollow as the blood vessels can be added or promoted by filling the liquid has a higher atomic number such as iodine contained in the contrast media. Type of contrast media There are several types of contrast media used.  Contrast media can be differentiated based on the modality used.  Although there are various types of contrast media, the type often used is based on its x-ray attenuation and magnetic resonance signals.Contrast media can be divided into two positive contrast media and contrast media is negative.  Contrast material is used to enhance x-ray attenuation.  Positive contrast media materials give the white in the image. While the media are negative contrast material was used to portray the image black.Gadolinium is used in magnetic resonance signal as MRI contrast agents.  Gadolinium enhance the quality of MRI scans.  There are two types of positive contrast material is used in an x-ray of barium and iodine.  There are many types of existing iodine contrast media with different viscosities, osmolariti and iodine content. a) Non-iodine contrast media Medium contrast material is a white powder that was insoluble.  The powder is mixed with water and a few other extra components to make a mixture of contrast material. This material is generally only used in the digestive tract.  Normally this type of contrast medium ingested or given by enema.  Upon examination, this material will be removed from the body with dirty materials.  Non-iodine dimer is the best choice for a low toxic content.  However, non-iodine dimer has a higher price. b) Iodine contrast media Materials iodine contrast media is soluble in water and is not harmful to the body.Contrast materials are widely sold as a solution of clear, colorless liquid.  Concentrations are usually expressed in mg / ml.  Iodine contrast material is used almost in every human body.  Iodine contrast media is divided into three.  Contrast media containing iodine oil, iodine contrast media and water-soluble contrast media are not water soluble. Microbubbles were a contrast agent used to help sonographic echocardiogram.  These bubbles of nitrogen and supported by proteins, lipids or polymers.  Decrease in density between gas and liquid surrounding the bubble and will reflect back ultrasound.  This process causes the resulting image can be seen clearly. Effect of contrast media Contrast media are safe to use, but some health problems associated with some of the contrast media.  Reactions vary about the danger of death, with approximately 0.9 deaths per 100 000 cases.  These factors are invited to this dangerous reactions, including a strong allergy, asthma and heart disease bronchiol.  There are many misconceptions that exist among the professionals is the contrast between the media associated with allergic reactions to seafood because they both have the iodine content in it. However, few studies have been made and indicated that while iodine is a substance often used in contrast media, but it was not the cause of the allergy but it is better for patients with a history of other allergies.  However, there are also some patients reactions to contrast media.  Examples of such reactions are nausea or vomiting, feeling hot all over the body, while itching, sneezing, sometimes shortness of breath and hypotension.  Actual reactions depending on the patients own resistance. Way of contrast media given 1) Through Oral Contrast media is given by mouth by drinking or swallowing of contrast media.  Normally it is barium sulfate.  Giving oral contrast media will affect where the stomach will look white on x-ray film.  Contrast media containing barium sulfate is not harmful.  Barium sulfate is excreted out in a day or two days.  In all cases, the use of contrast media is not advised for pregnant women because of lack of conclusive evidence about how safe contrast media in pregnancy.  However, if this type of examination can save lives, the risks should be weighed again on a case-by-case. 2) Through Anal (small intestine and large intestine) Contrast media through the rectum or anal granted. Contrast media is inserted into the rectum with the help of rectal catheter. Rectal contrast media through which this will affect the large intestine will look white on x-ray film. In this way, the various organs or structures can be viewed and studied. 3) Through intravascular Contrast media is given by intravascular injection. Often, the material used is iodine-based contrast media. Most patients can be detained and given an injection of contrast media quickly removed from the body without adverse side effects. Iodine-based contrast media caused a warm feeling when injected. Sometimes patients may feel sick after receiving the injections. Therefore, patients are always advised not to take any food before any radiological examinations requiring contrast media. Rarely, iodine-based contrast media may cause an allergic reaction. Gadolinium contrast media are also given in the form of magnetic resonance imaging during the injection. Contrast medium is working to enable the organs that have good blood supply appears white on the MRI images. Selection of contrast media Radiologist choose the type of contrast media based on experience and knowledge. They choose the type of contrast media depends on the patients condition. To make decisions, various factors including clinical factors and financial factors are also considered to assist in making a selection. Royal College of Radiologist provide some guidance. Among the patients who are at high risk of reaction. Among them are children, the elderly, diabetics, patients suffering from asthma, and patients with allergies. In this group, 25% of patients were recommended for the test. How the contrast media used There are a number of radiological examinations using contrast media. Volume, different types of contrast media for each patient depending on the type of inspection and the need Radiologist. Angiography Angiography is the examination carried out to examine the blood vessels. Selection of arteriography and venography depending on what type of blood vessels to be inspected. Either vein or artery. Arteriography For arteriography, the contrast media through the catheter used in the arteries. Blood flow will lead to the loss of contrast media. With this, the image of the artery can be seen in organs or in other parts division. Venography For venography, contrast medium injected into the vein and vein travel throughout the body can be seen. The greater the size and number of veins in the body, the more positions that need to be made by radiographers to obtain images of veins throughout the body. Normally venography performed to confirm the patient has deep vein thrombosis. In the leg, venography was also performed on the organs in the body by inserting the contrast medium into the organ via the venous catheter. Intravenous urography (IVU) Intravenous urography is a check for a urinary tract. When an intravenous injected, most of the contrast media to be secreted by the kidneys. This inspection is performed to check whether there is any kidney stones or other kidney problems. Computer tomography (ICT) An electronic, ICT has a better contrast sensitivity. But it cannot create a contrast which does not exist naturally. A total of 43% of CT procedures using contrast media. CT is widely used in the body but are often used for examination of neurons as the brain and spinal cord. It is also used for examining the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. It is also useful for examining the tumor. Myelography Spinal cord and major nerves can not be displayed by x-ray without the use of contrast media. Spinal cord and other nerves can be displayed using MRI. Images can be produced if the contrast medium injected into the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the spinal cord. Contrast media have been created specifically for this examination. The majority of myelography made to examine the lumbar to confirm any clinical problems such as intervertebral disc out of the home. However, CT and MRI now has replaced myelography as the research lumbar. Myelography with CT scan was used to investigate spinal cord and cervical areas. Inspection of other There are several other examinations in which contrast media are needed. As an example of the contrast medium is introduced to the structure of such joints to study the anatomy and pathology. Iodine containing contrast media when given orally, it can be used to examine organs such as the small intestines. Responsibilities of radiographers Radiographers should be sensitive to the needs of patients are willing to help and should have a responsible attitude. Always willing to help the state to face and deal with an emergency procedure, especially when contrast media. Clearly and accurately describes the procedure of contrast media using language easily understood by patients. Cooperation of the two parties to produce a successful procedure. Conclusion In conclusion, much needed in the media kontas produces images that are clearer and brighter because it has the properties of radio-opect less penetrated by x-ray. It will also be a dangerous to the patient if the radiographers to take it easy patient safety.

Religious Syncretism and its Consequences in Mayan Society Essay

Religious Syncretism and its Consequences in Mayan Society When Spaniards first set foot on Mesoamerican shores in the early sixteenth century, they encountered not the godless mass of natives they believed they found, but a people whose rich spiritual traditions shaped and sustained them for thousands of years. These diverse spiritual practices legitimized nearly every aspect of Mesoamerican daily life, from science and architecture to art and politics (Carmack 295), in many of the same ways Catholicism did in Spain. The collision of these cultures in the Great Encounter and the resulting Spanish colonial state mixed not solely two different peoples—Indian and Spanish—but thousands of variants: elites and slaves, peasant farmers and traders, priests and traders, organized and local spiritual customs, all with different degrees of diversity in their respective religious practices. This diversity set the stage for the syncretic religious traditions that emerged in Mayan society and remain a vital part of that culture today. Syncretic refers to the "nature of ideas, deities, and practices that derive from historically distinct traditions that become reinterpreted and transformed in situations of a cultural encounter" (Carmack 303). The cultural encounter between Mesoamericans and the Catholic Church was a natural result of mutual needs. The Indians needed protection from the cruelties inflicted by Spanish colonists, and the Church in many ways fought for their basic human rights; the Church needed land and support for their missions, and the Indians provided provisions and labor in much the same fashion as they had been giving tribute to ruling elites for thousands of years (Fash). This arrangement gave missionaries access not only to the Indians’ bodies—in the form of sweat and labor—but also their hearts and souls. The introduction of Christianity to native Mesoamericans, however, expressed itself in ways unexpected to the Catholic missionaries. For example, the concept of Jesus Christ—both in colonial Mesoamerica and today in thousands of Indian communities—became one of the several manifestations of the sun god (Carmack 304). The Virgin of Guadalupe, today the patron saint of Mexico, was and is embraced by Indians who interpreted her and the myth surrounding her 1531 appearance to Juan Diego in traditional spiritual custom: she is depicted as a d... ...storical documents such as Altar Q at Copà ¡n and the codexes. Other religious practices that resulted from the blending of ancient Mesoamerican and Catholic cultures in the diversity of colonial life include: the construction of churches and cathedrals on or near ancient temple sites; the ritual use of a fermented drink in spiritual practices (pulque and wine); public worship; incense; bundle cults; and many other "little traditions" (Carmack 304). Myriad syncretic spiritual forms evolved during the era of colonial Mesoamerica, expressing both public devotional practices and private household rituals that many times were veiled from Church scrutiny (Carmack 308). These rituals, born in indigenous culture and adapted to the drastically changed socio-economic and political landscape of colonial life, represent some of the few remaining links to the region’s spiritual and historical past. Bibliography: Carlsen, Robert. The War for the Heart & Soul of a Highland Maya Town. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997. Carmack, Robert, Janine Grasco, and Gary Gossen. The Legacy of Mesoamerica: History and Culture of a Native American Civilization. New York: Prentice Hall, 1996.

Walmart, Amazon, and Ebay: Who Will Dominate Internet Retailing?

There are many different business trends shaping e-commerce today. For one, ecommerce remains the fastest growing form of commerce when compared to physical retain store, services, and entertainment. Another trend is that the online demographics of shoppers broaden to match those of ordinary shoppers. Also, small businesses and entrepreneurs continue to flood through the e-commerce marketplace, often riding on the infrastructures created by industry giants and increasingly taking advantage of cloud-based computing resources. Lastly, pure e-commerce business models are refined further to achieve higher levels of profitability, whereas traditional retail brands use e-commerce to retain their dominant retail positions. 1b Name and describe three technology trends shaping e-commerce today. There are many different technology trends shaping e-commerce today. One technology trend is that wireless internet connections grow rapidly. Also, powerful handheld mobile devices support music, Web surfing, and entertainment as well as voice communication. Podcasting and streaming take off as mediums for distribution of video, radio, and user-generation content. c List and describe the eight unique features of e-commerce. There are eight different unique features of e-commerce today. First, ubiquity, which means that e-commerce is available everywhere; it is available at home, work, and elsewhere via mobile devices. Mobile devices extend service to local areas and merchants. Next, global reach makes e-commerce unique bec ause technology can reach all the way around the Earth. E-commerce is also unique because of universal standards; there is one set of technology standards, namely internet standards, making communication between computer systems easy. Richness is a unique quality because it makes video, audio, and text messages possible. They are integrated into a single marketing message and consumer experiment. Interactivity is unique because it allows the technology to work through interaction with the users. Another unique feature of e-commerce is information density because the technology reduces information costs and raises the quality. Personalization is a unique feature because the technology allows personalized messages to be delivered to individuals as well as groups. Lastly, social technology is a unique feature of e-commerce because it allows the user to use social networking to share with personal friends, content of many different forms. 2a Name and describe the principal e-commerce business models. There are several principal e-commerce business models. E-tailer sells physical products directly to consumers or to individual businesses. Transaction brokers save users money and time by processing online sales transactions and generating a fee each time a transaction occurs. The market creator business model provides a digital environment where buyers and sellers can meet, search for products, display products, and establish prices for those products. The content provider model creates revenue by providing digital content such as news, music, photos, or video over the Web. The customer can pay to access the content, or revenue may be generated by selling advertising space. A community provider provides an online meeting place where people with similar interests can communicate and find useful information. The portal business model provides initial point of entry to the Web along with specialized content and other services. Lastly, a service provider provides Web applications such as photo sharing, video sharing, and user generated content as services. Other services are also provided such as online data storage and backup. 2b Name and describe the e-commerce revenue models. There are several different e-commerce revenue models that describe how the firm will earn revenue, generate profit, and produce a superior return on investment. The advertising revenue model is the most widely used revenue model. In this model, a Web site generates revenue by attracting a large audience of visitors who can then be exposed to advertisements. In the sales revenue model, companies derive revenue by selling goods, information, or services to customers. In the subscription revenue model, a Web site offering content or services charges a subscription fee for access to some or all of its offerings on an ongoing basis. In the free revenue model, firms offer basic services or content for free, while charging a premium for advanced or special features. In the transactions fee revenue model, a company receives a fee for enabling a transaction. Lastly, in the affiliate revenue model, Web sites send visitors to other Web sites in return for a referral fee or percentage of the revenue from any resulting sales. 3a How do social networking and â€Å"the wisdom of crowds† help companies improve their marketing. Social networking helps companies improve marketing because they link people through their mutual business or personal connections, enabling them to mine their friends for sales leads, job hunting tips, or new friends. The wisdom of crowds†, it is argued that a large number of people can make better decisions about a wide range of topics or products than a single person or a small group of experts. It helps improve marketing by suggesting that firms should consult with thousands of their customers first as a way of establishing a relationship with them and to better understand how their products and services are used a nd appreciated. 3b Define the social graph and explain how it is used in e-commerce marketing. The social graph is a map of all significant online social relationships, comparable to a social network describing offline relationships. It is a small world that links people more tightly than they think. Overall, marking with social media is still in early stages and companies are experimenting in hopes of finding a winning formula. It is used to shape social networks, connecting people all over the world to businesses. 4 Explain how Internet technology supports business-to-business electronic commerce. Internet technology supports business to business electronic commerce because it has potential to have trillions of dollars released for more productive uses, consumer prices would fall potentially, productivity would increase, and the economic wealth of the nation would expand. Business to business e-commerce refers to the commercial transactions that occur among business firms which flow through a variety of different Internet-enabled mechanisms. Transactions are automatically transmitted through networks, eliminating the printing and handling of paper. a List and describe important types of e-commerce services and applications. There are many important types of e-commerce services and applications. Location based services is built with a GPS and compass that can identify your precise location and where the phone is pointed. It can put adds on a website based on a person’s location and can allow business to market over the internet based on a person’s location. Bankin g and Financial services let customers manage their accounts from their mobile devices. Mobile advertising and retailing is where companies can put ads on different aps for smartphones to advertise or have their own aps where a person can download and get coupons and deals just by walking into the store and logging into the application on their smartphone. Games and entertainment platforms are offered on Smartphones where a user can play games, watch TV or videos, etc. and connect to other game players and users all around the world. 5b Describe some of the barriers to e-commerce. There are a few barriers to e-commerce. One barrier is security concerns. With this there are risks of identity theft, viruses, and much more that consumers are worried about because they do not want their information stolen, especially because the internet is so easily accessible. Another barrier through e-commerce is that over the internet, a consumer cannot tough and feel a product, such as a book. There are Kindle apps where you can virtually buy and read a book, but people like reading actual books in their hand. Education also acts as a barrier because with e-commerce, new processes are coming to the surface all of the time making employees having to adapt. This is hard because a lot of people don’t want to change their ways. 6a List and describe each of the factors that go into the building of an e-commerce Web site. There are many factors that go into the building of an e-commerce Web site. First, a team has to be assembled with the right skills to make decisions about technology, site design, social and information policies, and hardware, software, and telecommunications infrastructure. The customer’s demands need to drive the site’s technology and design. The site can eight be built in-house or parts, if not all, of the site can be outsourced to be maintained. With outsourcing, companies need to be aware of their Web-site budget and maintenance. 6b List and describe four business objectives of a typical e-commerce Web site. One business object of a typical e-commerce Web site is to display goods, meaning, making the goods and products easily accessible and viewable to consumers in order to be productive. Another is the objective of a personalized/customized product. This makes the seller stand out from other businesses, making their product stand out and be more appealing than others. This makes the customer want to purchase the unique product. Businesses providing product information is another objective. Consumers do not want to purchase something that they know nothing about; therefore it is important to tell the customer what they need to know. Lastly, the objective of coordinating marking/advertising is important because companies need to advertise their product to consumers in order for them to want to purchase it. Without marketing, the product would not be known and less people would buy it because of this. 6c List and describe four system functionalities of a typical e-commerce Web site. There are many different system functionalities of a typical e-commerce Web site. One is a product database, which is database of all of the company’s products, allowing the company to know how much they are selling and what they have in inventory. The shopping care and payment system functionality allows the user to put interesting items in their virtual shopping cart to purchase. Once they have finished shopping, they can view the total price, edit their order, and continue to check-out all over the internet. A site tracking and reporting system is a great function that allows the company to see who is purchasing what and from where. This is a helpful tool that allows companies the ability to change their market audience to an audience closer to what the site tracking system is displaying. Lastly, a digital catalog is important for a site so consumers can see what exactly a company is selling or offering. 6d List and describe four information requirements of a typical e-commerce Web site. There are several information requirements of a typical e-commerce Web site. Product descriptions, stocking numbers, and inventory levels are important information to have because the business needs to know what and where their consumers are buying so it can be efficiently shipped. Secure credit card clearing is important because consumers want to be able to trust a company with their purchasing information, knowing that the information will not be hacked leading to identity theft. The customer ID, product, date, payment, and shipment date is important for the company to have because it acts as a log of prior business and they can track profitability and productivity. The number of products purchased is important because the company needs to know if they are underestimating or overestimating their sales and must act accordingly.

Netflix Internet Marketing

Netflix Internet Marketing Introduction The internet is an information superhighway that has virtually transformed traditional practices in all sectors throughout the globe. One area that has adopted and integrated internet capabilities is marketing. Organizations are now able to create awareness of their products or services without facing physical challenges because of the internet. This paper analyzes internet marketing at Netflix. Netflix is one of the world’s leading media and entertainment companies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Netflix Internet Marketing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Internet Marketing Possibilities for Netflix Netflix is a global leader in as far as internet television network is concerned. Viewers from all parts of the globe are able to stream video content from Netflix’s website and enjoy their desired movies without facing challenges caused by physical barriers, such as distance or limited DV Ds (Nash, 2004). The company has worked towards securing and maintaining partnerships with significant industry players, including Walt Disney, Paramount, as well as Warner Bros. Such arrangements that enable the company to work in collaboration with television and movie producer provide an opportunity for the firm to have a wider selection of content. In turn, this wide content has enabled Netflix to attract a huge global customer base of 33 million, with the numbers still growing (Overview, n.d.). To further increase its internet marketing performance, Netflix has tackled government policies, such as The Video Privacy Protection Act whose existence denied video tape service providers of disclosing information about the customer without obtaining the latter’s consent (Wade, 2010). This has led to the modernization of the VPPA, thus providing Netflix members with the freedom to share movies that they have streamed with friends through online social platforms like Facebook. Th is new development is significant in enabling Netflix to grow its business and customers as the sharing of content by users on social websites captures an even wider audience. The users assist Netflix in marketing the company to other potential users of the service. With the advent of smartphone technology, Netflix has ventured into the mobile world through a launch of its own application in order to enhance its internet marketing even further. Mobile phone users who are subscribers of the Netflix streaming services can view movies and television episodes by streaming the content through their hand held devices. The Netflix application is available on both Android and iOs mobile platforms and it provides quality service to the users. This helps the company to grow its subscriber base and increase its revenue because smartphones are continuously growing in popularity (Williams, 2012).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Internet marketing capabilities have influenced Netflix’s decision to open a production company. This new venture works differently from the traditional television shows in the sense that it provides the episodes immediately after release, instead of waiting for fixed intervals of time. This will enable Netflix to release more shows that are originally produced and avail them to the market via its internet TV platform. Conclusion Netflix uses the numerous capabilities of the internet to market its services. Users subscribe for the services and stream media content from Netflix’s website. The global outreach has seen the company create a customer base of close to 33 million, with the numbers still on the rise. Netflix has availed its services for the mobile phone users through the Netflix application that is supported on both Android, as well as iOS platforms. Users can also share video content via social online platfo rms, such as Facebook, thereby allowing the company to reach a wider customer base. References Nash, K. S. (2004). Box-office star: DVD renter Netflix uses customer-tracking software and elbow grease to keep the crowds coming. Baseline, 1(26), 57-57 Overview. (n.d.). Netflix. Retrieved from ir.netflix.com/ Wade, A. E. (2010). A new age of privacy protection: a proposal for an international personal data privacy treaty. The George Washington International Law Review, 42(3), 659-685. Williams, J. L. (2012). Learning HTML5 game programming: A hands-on guide to building online games using Canvas, SVG, and WebGL. Boston, MA: PearsonAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Netflix Internet Marketing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Vitamin B12 essays

Vitamin B12 essays Vitamins are essential to keep you healthy, maintain a good metabolism and to stimulate growth especially in children. They aid in the formation of hormones, blood cells, and genetic material. The vitamin B complex, composed of eight forms of vitamin B, works together to absorb and burn energy. It helps convert proteins, carbohydrates and fats into fuel and in the brain it helps synthesize mood controlling chemicals. Vitamin B is also good for the body because it helps fight cancer, cardiovascular diseases and mental deterioration. When there is deficiency of this vitamin there is extreme weakness and it may develop into a psychiatric problem. The vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is one of the members of the B complex and although needed in very small amounts it plays a key role in the production of new cells and preservation of a healthy nervous system. Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin found only in animal originated products. The recommended amount of vitamin B12 is 3 micrograms per day , and it can be found in liver, eggs, meat, fish, yeast, poultry and dairy products. This vitamin is bound to proteins, and during digestion hydrochloric acid in the stomach separates it and binds it to a special substance called intrinsic factor that increases absorption in the small intestine. Vitamin B12 works best with folic acid, another type of vitamin B, to produce red blood cells in the bone marrow, form and replicate DNA, and build and maintain myelin to protect nerve cells and speed up the conduction of nerve signals. Other functions carried out by this vitamin are digestion of fats, carbohydrates, proteins and production of some neurotransmitters in the brain that influence mood, sleep and hunger. Vitamin B12 deficiency may be caused by inability of the stomach to produce the intrinsic factor which helps in the absorption of this vitamin, or simply because of a poor diet with little consumption in animal ...

Movie comment Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Comment - Movie Review Example According to (UTAH ) â€Å" On December 7, 1941. The traumatic mass movement of the Japanese from the West Coast began. Under the infamous Executive Order 9066, the army was empowered to oversee the "enemy alien problem." During this period, the Americans were fighting hard against the Japanese residing in the Pacific ,the Americans had a notion that most of the Japanese were spies and could turn out be a big threat to the nation .(Book mice)claims that â€Å"Although prejudice and discrimination played major roles in the internment, economics and jealousy did also, as many Californians were jealous of the economic success that the Japanese-American farmers and store owners enjoyed† This make it clear that during the Japanese internment period the Americans had a mixed feeling of war threat, national insecurity, jealousy and prejudice running through their head. Answer to question two The movie â€Å"snow falling on cedars† has explicit sex scenes and violence related to Japanese internment. According to (Renteln,618-648) â€Å"In particular, through consideration of various historical documents I argue that a deeply rooted fear of sexual congress between the races consciously or unconsciously motivated some of the actions which led to the internment of 120,000 Japanese Americans†.

Marketing research of Royal National Lifeboat Association (RNLI) Essay

Marketing research of Royal National Lifeboat Association (RNLI) - Essay Example Market research can be defined as planning, collecting and analysing data which are relevant for making marketing decision (Carl, McDaniel and Gates, 1998). Making a proper market plan involves extensive market research. The process of marketing research involves six main steps. The first step is to identify the problem or the objective of the research. The goal of the research should be properly stated. Second step is to develop a research plan. This step involves deciding the sources from where the data should be collected, the methods which will be used for doing the research, the instrument to be used in the research etc. The third step is to collect the information. Many errors can occur in the third step like incorrect sampling, incomplete questioners etc. Fourth step is analysing the collected information. In this step various qualitative and quantitative methods are used. Fifth step is to communicating the results to the management and the last step is of making the decision. Based on the findings the management takes the relevant marketing decisions (Kotler et al, 2009.). The strategy which is prevailing in the Royal National Life boat Association has been analysed. The external analysis has been done using PEST analysis method. Various factors such as the economic, social, technological and political are critically analysed to know the influence on the organisation. On the basis of the analysis made SWOT analysis has been done to know the organisation’s strength and weakness, opportunities and threats the organisation is facing. At the end recommendation have been made on how the marketing objective can be achieved. 2. Brief Overview of Royal National Lifeboat Association (RNLI) The Royal National Lifeboat Association was founded in the year 1824. It was founded as the National Institution for Preservation of Life from Shipwreck. It was renamed as Royal National Lifeboat Association in the year 1854. It had its first street collection in Manchester in the year 1891(RNLI-g, 2011).The main work of Royal National Lifeboat Association is to provid e safety at sea. It offers lifeboats and lifeguards. It is also involved providing sea safety, beach safety, fishing safety, weather forecast and youth education. The beach involves providing lifeguards. This organisation is also into providing information required to be safe in beach. It also organises summer safety campaigns to make people aware of benefits of swimming at beaches which have life guards. It is providing fishing safety for last ten years. It produces various DVDs, pamphlet etc which helps in providing safety at sea. It also educates young parents and teachers on how they can be safe in sea. They also invite young people to join as volunteer in their organisation. They also provide weather forecast through their website which is daily requirement of fishermen. RNLI is also involved in flood rescue operation. The first flood