Essay about Analysis of Alison from the Millers Tale,...

Class: English 2010.105 Professor: Dr. Arnold Student: Bob Jackson Date: September 7, 1999 Title: Analysis of Alison from The Millers Tale, Canterbury Tales In The Millers Tale, the character of Alison is introduced as the 18-year-old wife of a carpenter who is much older than the woman. The authors description of the young wife seems to suggest that she was so wild, beautiful, and desirable that the old man had a difficult time containing his jealousy. Chaucer uses a number of expressions to paint a picture of the young wife. The use of the term paint is intentional here, since Chaucer seems to be painting (with words) the image of a picture perfect young woman who resembles a painted porcelain doll. It†¦show more content†¦Up to this point, the reader might think the young wife was an innocent youth, singing and dancing her way through life, wearing white dresses and driving her older husband crazy. But there is a dark side to her personality too. The reader is told that while the young wife is made up and dressed like a little doll, it wouldnt be much of a stretch for men to see her as a prostitute or a slut. He even states in the last line of this section that for some men, the young carpenters wife looks like the kind of woman theyd like to take to bed, others would see her as the kind theyd like to take home to meet their mother (she was a flower For any lord to leggen in his bedde, or yit for any good yeman to wedde.). It is obvious that while the older carpenter has married a young lusty woman who is full of life, it could be a difficult situation for him depending upon how other men are viewing his new wife. On the one hand, people will see her as a lovely innocent woman, while on the other hand, because she is too picture perfect and overly concerned about her appearance, she may (with her wanton eye) be giving people the idea that is interested in more than theShow MoreRelatedSummary And Critical Analysis Of Chaucer s The Miller s Tale923 Words   |  4 PagesSummary and Critical Analysis of Chaucer’s â€Å"The Miller’s Tale† Geoffrey Chaucer starts â€Å"The Miller’s Tale† out with an intriguing prologue. In this prologue, the Miller is found to be drunk due to his behavior towards the Reeve, and his judgment towards â€Å"The Knight’s Tale.† The Reeve and Miller have never seen eye to eye; they never have and never will. With this being said, the Miller tells a tale of a gullible carpenter whose wife cheats on him with an intelligent lodger. Since the Reeve is a carpenterRead More Summary and Analysis of The Millers Tale Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesSummary and Analysis of The Millers Tale When the Knight had finished, everybody decided that he had told a noble story. The drunken Miller claims that he has a tale as noble as the one the Knight had told. The host tried to quiet the Miller, but he demanded to speak. He claims that he will tell the tale of a carpenter and his wife. His tale will be one of infidelity. The narrator attempts to apologize for the tale that will follow, admitting that the Miller is not well-bred and will thereforeRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer1989 Words   |  8 PagesEnglish Literature born 1343 in London United Kingdom best known for his anthology â€Å"The Canterbury Tales†. In this book he plans to let each of his characters tell a story on the way to Canterbury. This novel was written during the Middle Ages also known as the Medieval Period. During this time period adultery played role in marriages. â€Å"I take thee _________ to be my wedded husband/wife, to have and to hold from this day forward, for better or worse for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in healthRead MoreCanterbury Tales Character Analysis1988 Words   |  8 Pages The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer, is a collection of tales and prologues of stories told by many characters whilst on a pilgrimage to the city of Canterbury. From religious figures such as nuns, monks and pardoners; to doctors, cooks and millers, this pilgrimage embarked on by many interesting people with stories that range from inspiring to gruesome. A few of the most predominant stories include those of the Prioress, the Summoner, the Wife of Bath, the Miller, and the Reeve. In theseRead MoreAn Analysis Of Chaucer s The Canterbury Tales 2196 Words   |  9 PagesAn Analysis of Chaucer’s Miller in the Canterbury Tales Many characters in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales link to the different social classes in England during the Medieval Period. The Miller is a crude character who tells an entertaining, yet inappropriate tale on a pilgrimage to Canterbury Cathedral. In the Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer describes the Miller as a bold, garrulous man and shows the morally incorrectness of the Miller. The Miller tells a vulgar but suitableRead MoreFigurative Language and the Canterbury Tales13472 Words   |  54 Pagesverses together, to make lines more memorable, and for humorous effect. †¢ Already American vessels had been searched, seized, and sunk. -John F. Kennedy †¢ I should like to hear him fly with the high fields/ And wake to the farm forever fled from the childless land. -Dylan Thomas, â€Å"Fern Hill† 3. allusion: A casual reference in literature to a person, place, event, or another passage of literature, often without explicit identification. Allusions can originate in mythology, biblical referencesRead More Contradictions in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales Essay3897 Words   |  16 PagesContradictions in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales There is no question that contradictory values make up a major component of The Canterbury Tales. Fate vs. Fortuna, knowledge vs. experience and love vs. hate all embody Chaucers famous work. These contrasting themes are an integral part of the complexity and sophistication of the book, as they provide for an ironic dichotomy to the creative plot development and undermine the superficial assumptions that might be made. The combination of completely

Society And Domestic Violence The Man, The Woman, And...

Society and Domestic Violence: The Man, the Women, and the Unspoken Authority Over 12 million men and women are abused by their partners yearly, and of that only about 3 in 10 women and 1 in 10 men report their abusers and seek help. The issue of domestic abuse is one that is tabooed throughout the nation, much like the topic of sex and mental illness. However, unlike those topics, the society in which we live in normalizes, and even pokes fun at the dilemma of domestic abuse. Although some will argue that the fact that there are shelters, anti-abuse campaigns, and improvements for victims in the justice system prove the society’s understanding and action for the victims, the society that we live in normalizes the issue because of the situations in television and music, the lack of media coverage, and the leeway that athletes have when charged with domestic assault. Domestic abuse can be traced back as far as history itself. In 753 B.C., during the reign of Romulus in Rome, Th e Laws of Chastisement condoned the abuse on a wife by a husband. Since at this time, men were held accountable for the crimes and actions of their wives, hence it provided a way that the husband could be protected from harm of the wife’s actions. This idea traveled throughout the world. It was not until 1829 that the husband’s absolute power of chastisement was abolished, however this is far from ending the dilemma of domestic abuse. In the 1970’s women take action in the Feminist Movement in hopesShow MoreRelatedWomen And The Mexican Feminist Movement1589 Words   |  7 Pageswidely accepted in Mexico, and little is done to prevent domestic violence. Women in Mexico live every day under house arrest, exist in fear of their male superiors. Fortunately in 1970 women began to fight back, and the Mexican feminist movement began. However, unlick the United States female revolution this feminist movement was quite and slow. Nonetheless the percentages of women in the work for began to rise dramatically and domestic abuse took a small step back. The women of Mexico todayRead MoreMarriage in the Middle Ages1808 Words   |  8 PagesMiddle Ages A. Marriage and women’s rights in the medieval society B. Thesis: Arrangement of marriages, abuse and adultery, divorce and desertion II. Arrangement of Marriages A. Age requirements 1. Muslim 2. Christianity B. Betrothals 1. Elite 2. Peasants III. Adultery A. Upper elite nobility 1. Priests and sex a. Peasants b. Concubines 2. Kings a. Servants IV. Abuse to wives A. Physical violence 1. Lower class 2. Nobility a. Abduction/imprisonment of wives Read More‘What Writers Tend to Demonstrate in Texts Which Explore Relationships Between Men and Women, Is That Women Have Always Been Relatively Powerless and the Victims of Society’s Double Standards’ Compare and Contrast the3734 Words   |  15 Pageshe has the right to own her. This could be an example of Tom being ‘moralistic without being moral’ as Ronald Berman puts it, by the way that Tom feels this is a right that he has despite not being Myrtle’s husband, due to the fact that he is a man in society with more power than a women. Name calling can also be seen within A Streetcar Named Desire, when Stanley refers to Stella as ‘My baby doll’, the use of the word doll suggesting she is a thing Stanley can play with, an object that he has controlRead MoreWomen Are Victims Of Sexual Violence3761 Words   |  16 PagesRepublic of the Congo (DRC) are raped. This means that 1,100 women are victims of sexual violence on a daily basis (Counting Sexual Violence in the Congo). Such exorbitant cases of rape have earned the DRC its title as â€Å"the rape capital of the world† (Citation -http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8650112.stm). Nevertheless, Congolese conventions regarding gender roles have facilitated massive infliction of sexual violence, especially on behalf of soldiers. This incorporation of rape into the socioculturalRead MoreNot for Ourselves Alone Essay2590 Words   |  11 Pagesher. Although her stand on womans rights was her main interest, it was work in progress toward a larger and more far-fetched goal. Her priorities concerning an idealistic society could be structured as a pyramid. As the foundation, she suggested reform for prisoners and the working class; she opted to eradicate domestic violence against women through the rehabilitation of alcoholic husbands, and not far behind was the proposition for liberal divorce of said husbands. That being acco mplished, maritalRead MoreA Streetcar Named Desire: the Importance of Being Earnest9437 Words   |  38 Pagesand the constraints it imposes on society is a favorite topic of conversation in The Importance of Being Earnest. Algernon thinks the servant class has a responsibility to set a moral standard for the upper classes. Jack thinks reading a private cigarette case is â€Å"ungentlemanly.† â€Å"More than half of modern culture depends on what one shouldn’t read,† Algernon points out. These restrictions and assumptions suggest a strict code of morals that exists in Victorian society, but Wilde isn’t concerned withRead MoreEssay about The Results of Children in Fatherless Homes16087 Words   |  65 PagesDivorce and out-of-wedlock childbearing are now epidemic in American society. Both forms of disrupted families are harmful to children and to society. The children of single parents are more likely to do poorly in school, commit crimes, and become sin gle parents themselves. In addition, the increase in single-parent families contributes to such social problems as poverty, crime, and a decline in the quality of public education. Divorce and out-of-wedlock childbirth are transforming the lives ofRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesindulgently banging away at their pianos or doing less-than-funny spoofs of music videos (think the Two Chinese Boys in their dormitory room) †¢ E.g. Temasek Review: an anti-government news portal †¢ E.g. Political commentary by a certain Kway Teow Man †¢ E.g. â€Å"Everyone Draw Muhammad Day† Facebook Page. Emphasis need for freedom of speech and expression that is often curtailed in Muslim communities but ended up causing much unhappiness amongst Muslims because the central religious figure in IslamRead MoreAn Introduction to Intercultural Communication29172 Words   |  117 Pagesapplied to an entire group of people. For example, we may know one Japanese person who is very quiet so we conclude that all Japanese are quiet and reserved. Or we see certain media images and conclude that because a person is Muslim they are prone to violence and aggression against non-Muslims. Both are far from the truth. A stereotype is an incorrect perception of a people based on minimal experiential evidence. Stereotyping is therefore rightly seen as a negative way of seeing people. This is evenRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 PagesEdition The study of Igbo has advanced enormously since the first edition of this dictionary, and the standardization and development of the language have also progressed under the leadership of a group of dedicated linguists and the enthusiasts of the Society for Promoting Igbo language and Culture. A dictionary of Standard Igbo is now seriously needed; it is hoped that the present work will be one of the sources for such a dictionary. The complete text was revised in 1976-77 with the assistance of Mr

Wireless Power Transfer Free Essays

Introduction We can non conceive of modern universe without power and twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours, the use of power is increasing, but utilizing it in the most effectual manner is the biggest concern now. After the radical alteration in engineering site, sometimes the manner of power transportation is a weighty issue. Wireless power transmittal is necessary in instances where fleeting power transportation is needed, because sometimes semisynthetic music directors are non perfect for power transmittal in few sectors. We will write a custom essay sample on Wireless Power Transfer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wireless Power Transfer ( WPT ) is a transmittal where electrical energy is transmitted from a power beginning to an electrical burden through an air spread with the aid of electromagnetic field. In last few old ages, there is a dramatic advancement in this sector but still it is in child degree. Background and aim Wireless power transmittal is a construct which was proposed by Nicola Tesla in the late 1800s.That clip it may sound futuristic, but Tesla’s did it enormously. No uncertainty research workers have found safer and more effectual methods of wireless power transportation, since Tesla ‘s cardinal check. It is called resonating inductive yoke, the most promising engineering that has been bloomed. The engineering takes advantage of moving ridge harmonics. From two spirals, wave harmonics make a strong nexus of magnetic moving ridges and vibrate it. Although the original initiation spiral was created by Nicholas Callan ( 1799-1864 ) , in 1836 a priest and the professor of natural doctrine, but Nicola Tesla’s spirals created the discovery for Wireless power transmittal. The chief point is why we want to utilize wireless engineering to route information when all the maps can be arranged with wired elements? Extinguishing reckons of overseas telegrams is the lone existent reply. Many medical equipments require a uninterrupted power beginning. If wires may set-up through someone’s organic structure, the hazard of shorting causes a hazard of infection for patients. Cell phones, earphones, game accountants, personal digital helpers ( PDAs ) and Internet contraptions all require a three to four pes single wire to utilize in the auto. Most of these wires are created an uncomfortable environment in the wire. WPT utilizing magnetic: Wireless Power transportation ( WPT ) is divided by two parts, one is near-field and another one is far-field parts. Although Radio Waves and LASER engineering are widely used for far-field part, but these are non excessively much efficient for near-field part. In near-field part, three techniques of wireless power transportation are used. Air ionisation is one of them, but it is a toughest technique and is non executable for practical execution. Other two techniques are really effectual, which are called magnetic inductive yoke and magnetic resonance inductive yoke. Magnetic inductive yoke is the most comprehensive method of wireless power transmittal. Interior designers can acquire some benefits from magnetic initiation instead than the wireless moving ridges. If modulated magnetic field is used to direct a signal through the air allows for a low-priced, low-power communications system. Radio waves communicate by distributing a plane moving ridge in unfastened infinite. On the other manus magnetic system is based on quasi-static magnetic field which is around the transmission spiral. It is based on the rule of change overing and conveying the magnetic flux ( ? ) between two spirals ( primary and secondary spirals ) which are non connected by wires. Transformer, electric coppice, radio bear downing tablets are the illustrations of magnetic initiation. But this method is impractical when it comes to reassigning power to longer distances. For such an experiment, it is needed that the spirals are excessively close to each other so that the short magnetic field is produced. When it is a affair of long distance, a immense magnetic field is needed and spirals should be multiple. Due to the flow of magnetic field in different waies, counter steps should be calculated to salvage the power loss. May be this is theoretically possible but is non possible practically. Magnetic resonance inductive yoke is the procedure which is used for longer distances power transportation. It is a combination of inductive yoke and resonance. Resonance is interacted with two objects really strongly. In this procedure capacitance is connected parallel to the spiral and spiral provides the induction. The resonating capacitances wipe out the divergent induction in the receiving system. Resonance Inductive Coupling ( RIC ) is extremely effectual than inductive yoke ( IC ) and RIC can be transfer power to multiple devices whereas inductive yoke is reassigning power to individual device. Magnetic initiation vs. Radio Waves: Magnetic initiation can keep a scope bound which is around 3 metres. On the other manus, wireless waive is non governable and range bound is minimal 10 metres or more. Related work: When Tesla spiral is invented, the thought of wireless power was unveiled. Now â€Å"WiTricity† is an American technology company, but in 2007 WiTricity was a undertaking of MIT pupils, where research workers were able to successfully light a 60 W visible radiation bulb wirelessly, which was 7ft off. At a glimpse, it is originally extended version of magnetic initiation up to a few metres. The chief difference is resonance ; if the magnetic resonance is same for transmitter and receiving system, energy can expeditiously be transferred and loss of power is really little. Using resonance is about 106 times efficient than without resonance. The frequence of resonation can be measured by the equation given below. Resonant Frequency = Coil Inductance x Capacitance The dramatic accomplishment of the MIT research squad is how to ticket tune the application so that the close field addition distances for a few metres, on the other manus restricting the power radiated through the far field. In 2008, Tesla’s experiment was rebuilt by Intel, which was wirelessly powering a light bulb. And in 2009, Sony exhibited a Television, which was wireless-powered at a scope of 20 inches. Very recent April 17, 2014 was another discovery for Wireless power transportation utilizing magnetic resonance. Chun T. Rim, a professor of Nuclear A ; Quantum Engineering at KAIST and his squad developed a system, which can bear down 40 smart phones at the same time, with a highest end product power of 209 W at 20 kilohertz and power beginning can 5 metres off from receiving system. The name of this system is â€Å" Dipole Coil Resonant System ( DCRS ) † which is an drawn-out version of inductive power transportation. Using this system a big LED Television with 40 W-fans can be powered from maximal 5-meter distance.No uncertainty, that it is a radical accomplishment after WiTricity. Advantages 1. Wireless charging: Now inductive bear downing has promised with our nomadic devices, Electric Vehicle wholly free from cord and it protects our connexions. When electronics are enclosed, there is no opportunity of corrosion. Sometimes embedded medical devices are needed to be charged, but the hazard of infection, wires penetrate through tegument should be avoided. Durability is another benefit of inductive charging. 2. High Efficiency over a Distance: Electricity, which is created by the beginning and is extremely efficient around several metres. 3. Penetrate and Frisk Around the barrier: Power transportation system is really flexible for industrial or commercial environment. Most of the edifices are furnished by wood, glass, plastics, fabrics etc. which are non created any obstructor of transmittal system. In add-on, the system has an ability to frolic around many metallic barriers. 4. Control the scope of power degree: It is possible to accomplish commanding power degree over distance. Wireless mouse and keyboard like electronic devices need milliwatts and when it is a affair of electric rider vehicle, so it gives you kilowatts. 5. Safe for nature: Cause of magnetic near field, this engineering is wholly free from Radiative manner and that’s why it is safe for nature. Biological beings are really decrepit interact with magnetic field. The world-renowned physicist Sir John Pendry of Imperial College London explains: â€Å" The organic structure truly responds strongly to electric Fieldss, which is why you can cook a poulet in a microwave. But it does n’t react to magnetic Fieldss. Equally far as we know the organic structure has about zero response to magnetic Fieldss in footings of the sum of power it absorbs † . Research Aims: Wireless coursers for Electric Vehicles ( EVs ) would be a convenient characteristic, which is given a great solution of avoid to retrieve the stopper in a power overseas telegram after parking the vehicle. Wireless bear downing for Electric Vehicles is a system necessitating high electrical power ( up to 100s of kW ) and broad country of wireless power transmittal which increases electromagnetic field exposure. There are two types of radio bear downing engineerings applicable for EVs. inductive power transportation ( IPT ) system, which is known as Decision: The Wireless Power Transmission was a legendary effort by Nikola Tesla. After 120 old ages, reproduced of Tesla’s experiment agencies, necessity of engineering can ne’er be hidden. Presently the engineering is in advancement and all the twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours research workers are seeking their best and defeated the powerful challenges. Although â€Å"WiTricity† and â€Å" Dipole Coil Resonant System ( DCRS ) † are about new engineerings, but the cardinal rule is magnetic inductive with resonance yoke. However, the most update radio power transmittal system is excessively dearly-won and immature, but the twenty-four hours is non so far when wireless power transportation utilizing magnetic is the most diacritic and sustainable option of current system. Mentions: 1 ) Sun-Hee Kim, Yong-Seok Lim, and Seung-Jun Lee, † Magnetic Resonant Coupling Based Wireless Power Transfer System with In-Band Communication† , JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, VOL.13, NO.6, DECEMBER, 2013 2 ) S. Sheik Mohammed, K. Ramasamy, T. Shanmuganantham, â€Å"Wireless Power Transmission – A Next Generation Power Transmission System† , 2010 International Journal of Computer Applications ( 0975 – 8887 ) , Volume 1 – No.13 3 ) Chun T. Rim, â€Å"Wireless power transportation achieved at 5-meter distance† hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-04/tkai-wpt041714.php 4 ) Rajen Biswa, â€Å"Feasibility of Wireless Power Transmission† , May, 2012 5 ) Wireless Power Technology hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wirelesspowerconsortium.com/technology/ 6 ) Liguang Xie, Yi Shi Y, Thomas Hou,Wenjing Lou, † Wireless Power Transfer and Applications to Sensor Networks† , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA 7 ) Prof. Jenshan Lin, â€Å"Wireless Power Transmission: From Far-Field to Near-Field† , University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, USA How to cite Wireless Power Transfer, Essay examples Wireless power transfer Free Essays The area of wireless power transmission is very interesting. The technology is in its infancy but the overall benefits from its maturation could be significant to society as a whole. World population is expected to continue to grow exponentially. We will write a custom essay sample on Wireless power transfer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Five sixths of the world’s population lives in developing nations. Most developing nations such as China, India, and Pakistan are rapidly improving their standard of living. All of these trends point to an energy demand that will grow at even a larger rate. Wireless power transmission could one day allow us to generate solar power on a satellite and am it down to Earth, transmit power to a water treatment plant for a disaster relief operation or power a flying communication relay station from a terrestrial station. There are a few engineering hurtles yet to overcome to make this technology viable to today’s investors, but with the rising demand for energy and the rapid improvements being made it is Just a matter of time before wireless power transmission becomes an industry of its own. In the late 19th century, shortly after the introduction of AC power, Nikolas Tests (an inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, physicist, and futurist best now for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electrical supply system and often called the greatest US electrical engineer during his time) began the development of a system for the global transmission of electrical energy without interconnecting wires. Nikolas Tests devoted much effort to develop a system for transferring large amount of power over considerable distance. His main goal was to bypass the electrical-wire grid, but for a number of financial and technical difficulties, this project was never completed. His invention, however, required large scale construction of 200 Ft tall masts. He developed various methods that can be used for his wireless power transmission and have been given great credits and patents for it. Tests preferred to use the passage of current through the atmosphere and other natural medium. Wireless energy transfer or wireless power transmission (WEPT) is the process that takes place in any system where electrical energy is transmitted from a power source to an electrical load without the use of wire. Wireless transmission is ideal in cases where instantaneous or continuous energy transfer is needed. The potential applications of wireless power transfer include charging of mobile phones and laptops, radio-frequency identification (REID), electrically charged vehicles, biomedical sensors, space solar power satellite (SSP), solar energy to earth, and in spying circuits devices which if contain a power source can have greater probability of detection etc. The various methods of wireless power transfer are Microwave/ Radio wave, Plastic sheet, Inductive coupling, and Lasers. Among these methods of wireless power transfer, using microwave has some advantages over other methods such as its use for longer distances with relatively higher efficiency and more mature technology. Highly efficient, super directive array configuration would have the potential of concentrated and directed microwave beam that can provide higher efficiency for longer distances. Wireless communication using radio frequency (RFC) waves or microwave is a very familiar topic. However, wireless power transmission (WEPT) is yet to be so, though its history dates back to the late nineteenth century. The year 1888 was marked by a demonstration on wireless transmission of pulsed power generated at mezzo. Since then, only a few demonstrations or feasibility studies on WEPT have been published at discrete time intervals. Among these, the most significant is a feasibility study reported by a French research group in 1997 for a terrestrial (ground-to-ground) WEPT project. Its aim was to deliver 10 k power from the grid system, through AC-DC- microwave-DC-AC conversion, to a 0. 7 km distant small tourist spot across a mountain in La Reunion Island, an overseas territory of France. The project is termed ‘Grand- Basin WEPT model’ after the name of the tourist village. It is noteworthy that since 1969 (the year marked by the successful landing of the first manned space craft on the moon surface) until now, the main thrust of WEPT has been on the concept of pace-to-ground (extraterrestrial) transmission of energy using microwave beam. This concept aims towards tapping the round-the-clock available solar energy from outer space in the form of photovoltaic DC power by a low earth orbit satellite. The tapped energy would be converted into a microwave beam for transmission to the designated earth stations where it would be rectified into DC using a device termed ‘Recreant’ (receiving and rectifying antenna). A pilot project based around this concept, named ‘SSP (Solar Power Satellite) 2000’, is still under preliminary investigation by the Japanese Space and Astronomical Science Society. Nevertheless, for a number of reasons the chances of the terrestrial WEPT becoming an affordable reality are brighter than its extraterrestrial counterpart. Apart from the time frame for implementation, huge size of recentness and requirement for energy storage between two passes of the satellite, the other crucial points which bear against the extraterrestrial WEPT are affordability, simplicity, controllability, maintainability, reliability, commercial exportability, and health and safety issues. Industries are investigating the latest wireless power technologies to improve versatility, reduce sots, maintain connectivity, and eliminate the need to replace batteries. More than one industrial and end-use applications are evaluating WEPT. One such end-use application is induction cooking which utilizes WEPT, or a variant of WEPT, due to a range of reasons such as better operation, cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency. Large and continually operating industries such as electric power plants are interested in evaluating WEPT as a power source alternative for sensors and transducers. The portable electronics industry is perhaps the most revolutionary in terms of the rapid progress in the application and centralization of WEPT. A subset of portable devices that utilize wireless data communications such as mobile phones, ‘Pods, and wireless computer peripherals, find WEPT particularly appealing. WEPT is seen as a natural complement to wireless data communications, completing the promising of a truly wireless device. The wireless power charger market is becoming competitive, with several companies developing commercial devices and retrofit gadgets for powering portable electronics. The surge in the growth of mobile electronics in the past decade has greatly enhanced the market potential for wireless rower chargers. Due to the relatively low cost and high efficiency of power line transmission, wireless power transmission is only practical under two general circumstances: 1) In order to transport necessary power over an impossible or impractical barrier for wires or 2) Rapid deployment of assets for disaster recovery or military operations that could be aided by wireless power transmission more than by local generators. How to cite Wireless power transfer, Papers

Property Law A Case Study

Questions: After being registered as proprietor with an absolute freehold title to 4 Oak Drive, Harold entered into a restrictive covenant for the benefit of 3 Acacia Avenue, a nearby property belonging to Bernard and Betty. Harold then granted a lease of 4 Oak Drive to James, for a term of nine years. In the lease Harold also granted James an option to purchase the freehold of the property at any time during the subsistence of the lease.Advise James, Bernard and Betty what steps they need to take (if any) to protect their respective interests in 4 Oak Drive?AND Nicola and David were married in 2010 when together they purchased 2 Oak Drive. Although both contributed to the purchase price only Nicola was registered as sole proprietor of the property. David assumed that the property had been registered in their joint names. In late 2014 Nicola and David began to have marital difficulties and David has since that time spent much of his time at his mothers house. In January 2015 Nicola approached t he Tugby Building Society to enquire whether the Building Society would lend her some money. After a survey was made of the property Nicola granted the Building Society a mortgage of the property as security for a loan of 95% of the market value of the house. Nicola has left the country with the mortgage monies and Ernie the milkman. Advise David. Would your answer differ if Nicola had appointed Ernie to be co-trustee and the mortgage money had been paid to them jointly? Answers: 1. The given case states that the primarily Harold has an absolute freehold over the property in 4 Oak Drive. On the other hand he enters into a restrictive covenant with the owners of 3 Acacia Avenue, Bernard and Betty. Harold later leases the property of 4 Oak Drive to James for a period of nine years. He also gives an option to James to purchase the free hold of the property at any time during the period of the lease. An absolute freehold title to any property implies that the owner has an absolute title to the property. In case of a freeholder title the owner is exempted from paying the annual ground rent. This implies that the owner of the 4 Oak Drive property Harold has an absolute title to enter into any transaction with regard to the property. A restrictive covenant is a kind of a private agreement between the owners of the land where one party can restrict the use of land which benefits the other land in some way or the other. In most cases restrictive covenants they are generally made on the title deeds for the property. In the case of restrictive covenants the parties of the property are generally not bound personally but the property is bound legally. This implies that such a covenant runs along with the land. Hence when the covenant is transferred from the original parties to new parties, the restrictive covenant still continues to exist. These covenants are enforceable by one landowner against another landowner even if the covenant is extremely old or seemed obsolete, provided that these covenants are restrictive. If a restrictive covenant is ignored, the aggrieved party can sue for a claim of damages for such breach and also sue for an injunction. Damages awarded may be either compensatory or in lieu of an injunction. While judging a breach of restrictive covenant the court might take into account the negotiations between the parties for releasing the covenant and whether the claimant might have agreed to the breach in order to prevent the breach. Further section 84 of the Law of Property Act 1925 or Article 5 of the Property (Northern Ireland) Order 1978, allows person who are interested in certain type of the land to apply to the Lands Tribunal and cancel or make appropriate modifications to any restriction in the land. In the case of Federated Homes v Mill Lodge Properties, the court had held that the benefits of the covenant would be automatically be annexed to every portion of the land for which it was originally taken. Again in the case of Rees v Peters [2011], the Court of Appeal relied on the significance of considering the covenant under a unique context for a specific transaction. In the given case, since Harold had entered into a restrictive covenant with Bernard and Betty for the benefit of their property, the owner of 4 Oak Drive has to abide by the restrictions mentioned in the covenant. If the covenant provides for restriction as to the leasing or any kind of transfer of the property, then any lease made on the property would be breach of the restrictive covenant on the property. Under such circumstances, Bernard and Betty have the right to sue Harold since he is the owner of the property for breach of the covenant. With regard to the breach, the owners of 3 Acacia Avenue, Bernard and Betty would be able to claim for damages for the breach of the restrictive covenant or can also claim for injunctions. The damages to be awarded can be either compensatory damages or the damages can be in lieu of the injunctions. Hence in order to protect the interests in the property the owners of 3 Acacia Avenue, Bernard and Betty can claim for these damages from Harold th e owner of the property of 4 Oak Drive in case of any breach. In case of injunctions, Bernard and Betty can claim for a prohibitory injunction requiring the Harold to stop any particular act or can also claim for interim injunction that will prevent any possible breach of the restrictive covenant. With regard to James, who is the lease holder of the property of 4 Oak Drive, if the conditions in the restrictive covenants are such that they require the leaseholder to abide by them then it is necessary for the leaseholder to abide by those rules. Every restrictive covenant is different from another and it is very essential to read the specified terms in the covenant. When a property is transferred to another person and the contract is signed by both parties they also agree to abide by the restrictive covenants in the contract. These covenants will be binding on the landowner until the time stated in the specified clause or as otherwise the clause states. Hence according to the property laws in United Kingdom, if James opts to purchase the freehold of the property of 4 Oak Drive, then the restrictive covenant on the land would automatically pass on to the new owner which would be James. In this regard another case may be mentioned Tulk v Moxhay (1848), where the Court had held that in most cases the restrictive covenant would run along with the land. This implies that the future owner of the land would be subject to the restrictions of the covenant. Hence James would be liable for the restrictive covenant and in case of any breach the owners of 3 Acacia Avenue, Bernard and Betty would be able to claim for damages from James. However until James purchases the land he would not be liable for the restrictive covenant. 2. Under the English property laws when a property is purchased under joint names, all the co-owners of the property will be permitted to hold a legal estate as the joint tenants and the beneficial interests in that property will be held either as joint tenants or tenants in common. In the case of joint tenants there lies an equal share in the property. The most easy way to identify whether the parties desire to own the property in equal or in unequal shares would be by making an expressed declaration to that extent with the help of the Land Registry form or with the help of any separate agreement. As a result of this a number of disputes that may arise resulting from the death of one partner or the breakdown of the relationship between the couple or the sale of the property. With regard to the joint ownership of property there has always been a number of arising disputes. For instance there may be the uncertainties relating to the position of the joint owners who did not clearly express their declaration with the help of an express declaration of the interests. In the case of Stack v Dowden, it was expected that the House of Lords would clear the positions of the co-owners. However the later decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Jones v Kernott, the confusions relating to the issue was further enhanced and increased the laws in this area. In the case of Stack v Dowden, the House of Lords stated that when no declaration of trust has been made by the parties, it will be assumed that they are joint tenants and hence would be entitled to the equal share in the property. This will be the rule until the other party can show the intentions to be different. In order to prove this a broad range of factors is required to be considered. In another case of Jones v Kernott, the Supreme Court however held that one of the manner in which this can be shown is that if the parties have the intention to hold the property in different shares. However, that cannot be done since the size of the shares may not be able to determine. Under such circumstances the court would have to identify what was just in the whole dealing of the course between the parties with regard to the property. Under such circumstances where the married persons wish to own the real estate property other than the spouse, then the other spouse is required to specify and disclaim or relinquish their ownership rights in the property. In the given case the facts state that Nicola and David was a couple who got married in the year 2010 and also purchased the property of 2 Oak Drive. When the property was purchased even though both had contributed to the purchase money, there were not registered as the joint co-owners. Instead Nicola was registered as the sole owner of the property. Further during 2014, when there were marital differences between the couple David was staying in another home. Later Nicola being the sole owner mortgaged the property of 2 Oak Drive to Tugby Building Society as security for a loan of 95% of the market value of the house. She also left the country with the mortgage money with Ernie. In the given case the biggest difficulty in the given case is the absence of the co-ownership between Nicola and David. Even though David had paid a certain amount of money for the property there was no evidence of that as the sole owner was registered as Nicola. However one remedy may be helpful under this condition that is the concept of undue influence. The primary principle of the concept of undue influence was stated by Lord Nicholls in the case of Royal Bank of Scotland v Etridge(No. 2) 6. He held that the concept of undue influence is one of the grounds of relief to be developed by the courts is the court of conscience. The objective is that one person is not able to influence another person as a result of his or her position. In the given case, since Nicola was the wife of David, she was in an influential position to dominate the will of David to make her the owner of the property. Hence David can sue Nicola for undue influence in the given case. In the second part of the problem, if Ernie had been the co-owner of the mortgage property and the money for the mortgage had been paid to them jointly, under such circumstances it is only possible to claim for damages only when the property was co-owned by David. Hence in order to sue Ernie for the mortgage money he first needs to prove that the property was co -owned by him along with Nicola. In order to prove that the property was co-owned by David it is necessary to establish that the purchase transaction was not made with the free will and consent of David. In most cases the law will presume that there existed the concept of undue influence when the complainant has placed trust and confidence in the other party with regard to the management of the affairs of the complainant. There exists some fiduciary relationship where it is presumed that trust and confidence existed in the parties automatically. For instance in the relationship between the client and a solicitor the presence of undue influence can be observed. However the relationship between husband and wife is not a fiduciary relationship and hence in order to prove undue influence it is essential that there existed trust and confidence in each other. 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